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anti atf3  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)


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    Structured Review

    Santa Cruz Biotechnology anti atf3
    Anti Atf3, supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 640 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/anti+atf3/ATF-3+Antibody/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__02__23__707492-338-12-13
    Average 94 stars, based on 640 article reviews
    anti atf3 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    94/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Single-Nucleus Chromatin Accessibility and Epigenetic Study Uncover Cell States and Transcriptional Regulation of Epidermis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa
    Article Snippet: .. The sections were then incubated with primary antibodies against proteins for anti-Krt14 (1:400, Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA, Cat# 906004) and anti-ATF3 (1:50, Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA, Catsc-518032) in blocking solution overnight at 4 °C. ..

    Article Title: Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific BCAT2 Deficiency Attenuates Diabetic Atherosclerotic Calcification via Histone Propionylation
    Article Snippet: .. Samples were incubated with primary antibodies, including anti-BCAT2 ( Ab309514 , Abcam, USA), anti-Kpr (PTM-203, Proteomics, China), anti-H3K23pr (PTM-208, Proteomics, China), anti-ATF3 (sc-518032, Santa Cruz, USA), or anti-α-SMA (BM0002, Boster, China) at 4 °C overnight followed by incubation with corresponding secondary antibody. ..

    Article Title: Sciatic nerve stimulation alleviates neuropathic pain and associated neuroinflammation in the dorsal root ganglia in a rodent model.
    Article Snippet: Twenty-μm cryosections of the DRG were cut using a cryostat (CM1950; LEICA, Wetzlar, Germany) at −20 °C for further immunofluorescence. .. Sections were permeabilized and blocked with 10% normal goat serum (prepared in PBS supplemented with 0.1% bovine serum albumin and 0.1% Triton X-100) for 20 min. Next, the sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: anti-GFAP (G3893, 1:500; Sigma-Aldrich), anti-S100A10 (11250- 1-AP, 1:200; Proteintech), anti-NeuN (MAB377, 1:200; Merck), anti-NeuN (MABN140, 1:200; Merck), antiTRPA1 (ACC-037 1:200; Alomone Labs), anti-Cx43 (610062, 1:200; BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), anti-Iba1 (GTX100042, 1:200; GexeTex, Zeeland, MI, USA), anti-iNOS (GTX636531, 1:500; GeneTex), anti-CD206 (A8301, 1:200; ABclonal, Woburn, MA, USA), and anti-ATF3 (sc-518032, 1:200; Santa Cruz). .. Then, the sections were incubated with fluorescent secondary antibodies (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for 1 h at room temperature and mounted using media with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (Abcam).

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: Single-Nucleus Chromatin Accessibility and Epigenetic Study Uncover Cell States and Transcriptional Regulation of Epidermis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa
    Article Snippet: .. The sections were then incubated with primary antibodies against proteins for anti-Krt14 (1:400, Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA, Cat# 906004) and anti-ATF3 (1:50, Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA, Catsc-518032) in blocking solution overnight at 4 °C. ..

    Western Blot:

    Article Title: Estradiol activates the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway to enhance neurite outgrowth in cultured adult sensory neurons.
    Article Snippet: Blots were incubated in SignalFire ECL Reagent (Cell Signaling, Danvers, Massachusetts, USA) or Clarity Western ECL Substrate (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and imaged using a ChemiDoc MP imaging system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). .. Table 1: Primary Antibodies used for Western blotting Primary Antibody Dilution Supplier Anti-pAMPK Thr172 1:1000 Cell Signaling, Danvers, Massachusetts, USA Anti-Total AMPK 1:5000 Abcam, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Total OxPhos 1:1000 Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Anti-Total ERK 1:1000 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, Texas, USA Anti-PGC-1α 1:1000 Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Anti-ATF3 1:500 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, Texas, USA Anti-ERα 1:1000 Abcam, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Anti-ERβ 1:1000 Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Jo ur na l P re -p ro of .. We used the Seahorse XF24 Analyzer (Agilent Technologies Inc, Santa Clara, California, USA) to measure the levels of basal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), the maximal respiration, and the spare respiratory capacity.

    Knock-Out:

    Article Title: Super enhancer acquisition drives expression of oncogenic PPP1R15B that regulates protein homeostasis in multiple myeloma
    Article Snippet: The following antibodies were validated by Cell signaling technology (https://www.cellsignal.com/): anti-ATF6(CST#65880S), anti-CHOP (CST#2895S), anti-cleaved PARP (CST#9541S), anti-cleaved caspase 3 (CST#9661), anti-cleaved caspase 7 (CST#9491), anti-eIF2! (CST#9722S), anti-SP1 (CST#5931), anti-NR2C2 (CST#68191), anti-IRE1 (CST#3294S), anti-PERK (CST#5683S), anti-p70 S6K (CST#2708), anti-Phospho-eIF2 alpha (Ser51) (CST#9721S), anti-Phospho-mTOR (Ser2481) (CST#2974), anti-Phospho-mTOR (Ser2448) (D9C2) (CST#5536), anti-Phospho-PERK (Thr980) (CST#3179S), antiphospho-4E-BP1 (Thr37/46) (CST#2855), anti-phospho-4E-BP1 (Thr70) (CST#9455), anti-phospho-4E-BP1 (Ser65) (CST#9451), anti-4EBP1(CST#9644), anti-YY1 (CST#63227S), anti-p300 (CST#4771S), anti-TSC2 (CST#4308), anti-TSC2 (Ser939) (CST#3615), anti-TSC2 (Thr1462) (CST#3617), anti-TSC2 (Ser1387) (CST#5584), anti-Acetyl-Histone H3 (Lys27) (CST#8173), normal Rabbit IgG (CST#2729S), anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked (CST#7076) and anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked (CST#7074). .. The following antibodies were validated using knockout or overexpression studies by Santa Cruz (https://www.scbt.com/): anti-ATF1 (sc-243), anti-ATF3 (sc-81189), anti-" actin (sc-47778 HRP), anti-caspase 12 (sc-21747), anti-CEBPB (sc-7962, sc-7962X), anti-CEBPG (sc-517003), anti-CREB1 (sc-377154), antiELK4 (sc-1426), anti-GABPA (sc-28312), anti-SP2 (sc-17814) and anti-PIK3C2B (sc-100407). .. The following antibodies were validated by Abcam (https://www.abcam.com/): anti-ATF4 (ab184909), anti-BiP (ab21685), anti-NOXA (ab13654), anti-Phospho-IRE1 (Ser724) (ab48187) and anti-PUMA (ab9643).

    Over Expression:

    Article Title: Super enhancer acquisition drives expression of oncogenic PPP1R15B that regulates protein homeostasis in multiple myeloma
    Article Snippet: The following antibodies were validated by Cell signaling technology (https://www.cellsignal.com/): anti-ATF6(CST#65880S), anti-CHOP (CST#2895S), anti-cleaved PARP (CST#9541S), anti-cleaved caspase 3 (CST#9661), anti-cleaved caspase 7 (CST#9491), anti-eIF2! (CST#9722S), anti-SP1 (CST#5931), anti-NR2C2 (CST#68191), anti-IRE1 (CST#3294S), anti-PERK (CST#5683S), anti-p70 S6K (CST#2708), anti-Phospho-eIF2 alpha (Ser51) (CST#9721S), anti-Phospho-mTOR (Ser2481) (CST#2974), anti-Phospho-mTOR (Ser2448) (D9C2) (CST#5536), anti-Phospho-PERK (Thr980) (CST#3179S), antiphospho-4E-BP1 (Thr37/46) (CST#2855), anti-phospho-4E-BP1 (Thr70) (CST#9455), anti-phospho-4E-BP1 (Ser65) (CST#9451), anti-4EBP1(CST#9644), anti-YY1 (CST#63227S), anti-p300 (CST#4771S), anti-TSC2 (CST#4308), anti-TSC2 (Ser939) (CST#3615), anti-TSC2 (Thr1462) (CST#3617), anti-TSC2 (Ser1387) (CST#5584), anti-Acetyl-Histone H3 (Lys27) (CST#8173), normal Rabbit IgG (CST#2729S), anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked (CST#7076) and anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked (CST#7074). .. The following antibodies were validated using knockout or overexpression studies by Santa Cruz (https://www.scbt.com/): anti-ATF1 (sc-243), anti-ATF3 (sc-81189), anti-" actin (sc-47778 HRP), anti-caspase 12 (sc-21747), anti-CEBPB (sc-7962, sc-7962X), anti-CEBPG (sc-517003), anti-CREB1 (sc-377154), antiELK4 (sc-1426), anti-GABPA (sc-28312), anti-SP2 (sc-17814) and anti-PIK3C2B (sc-100407). .. The following antibodies were validated by Abcam (https://www.abcam.com/): anti-ATF4 (ab184909), anti-BiP (ab21685), anti-NOXA (ab13654), anti-Phospho-IRE1 (Ser724) (ab48187) and anti-PUMA (ab9643).

    Staining:

    Article Title: Endothelial activating transcription factor 3 promotes angiogenesis and vascular repair in the mouse retina
    Article Snippet: The following day, the retinas were incubated with the appropriate secondary antibodies for 2 h. Fluorescein images were acquired using an Olympus SV3000 confocal microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). .. Antibodies for staining were anti-PECAM1 (1/200, BD Biosciences), anti-ERG (1/200, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-ATF3 (1/200, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), anti-ATF3 (1/100, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), anti-CD140α (PDGFRα) (1/200, BD Biosciences), anti-Iba1 (1/200, Fujifilm Wako Co., Osaka, Japan), anti-Desmin (1/200, Abcam), anti-PDGFRβ (1/200, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-ESM1 (1/200, R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), anti-ki67 (1/200, Invitrogen), DAPI (1/1000, Biotium, Hayward, CA, USA), and AlexaFluor® 488-conjugated isolectin GS-IB4 (40 μg/mL, Invitrogen). .. The secondary antibody was Alexa Fluor 488/568/594/647-conjugated IgG (1/500, Invitrogen).



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    (A-B) Volcano plots of whole-transcriptome differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by RNAseq in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to control ( n =3). Dashed vertical lines reflect log 2 FC of −1 and 1. Dashed horizontal line reflects false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05. Downregulated genes with log 2 FC≤-1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in blue. Upregulated genes log 2 FC≥1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in red. Raw RNAseq hit counts for ZNF423 in NF90.8 cells transfected with control siRNA ( n =3) or siZNF423 ( n =3). P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t-tests between groups. (C) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly downregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Downregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥-1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (D) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared downregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (E) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly upregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Upregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (F) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared upregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (G-H) Volcano plots of differentially expressed transcription factors and kinases in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 compared to control. (I-J) Immunoblots showing cleavage of PARP, <t>ATF3,</t> ATF4 and ZNF423 protein expression following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to controls ( n =3). GAPDH serves as loading control. Protein expression was normalized to total protein and quantified using ImageJ. Error bars reflect SEM. P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t test with Welch’s correction. ****=p-value ≤0.0001, ***=p-value≤0.001, **=p-value≤0.01, *=p-value≤0.05, ns=not significant.
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    (A-B) Volcano plots of whole-transcriptome differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by RNAseq in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to control ( n =3). Dashed vertical lines reflect log 2 FC of −1 and 1. Dashed horizontal line reflects false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05. Downregulated genes with log 2 FC≤-1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in blue. Upregulated genes log 2 FC≥1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in red. Raw RNAseq hit counts for ZNF423 in NF90.8 cells transfected with control siRNA ( n =3) or siZNF423 ( n =3). P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t-tests between groups. (C) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly downregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Downregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥-1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (D) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared downregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (E) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly upregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Upregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (F) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared upregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (G-H) Volcano plots of differentially expressed transcription factors and kinases in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 compared to control. (I-J) Immunoblots showing cleavage of PARP, <t>ATF3,</t> ATF4 and ZNF423 protein expression following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to controls ( n =3). GAPDH serves as loading control. Protein expression was normalized to total protein and quantified using ImageJ. Error bars reflect SEM. P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t test with Welch’s correction. ****=p-value ≤0.0001, ***=p-value≤0.001, **=p-value≤0.01, *=p-value≤0.05, ns=not significant.
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    The results of western blotting (A) . The protein levels of <t>ATF3</t> (B) , p-p53 (C) , p-p21 (D) , and cas3 (E) were represented in the studied groups. β-actin was used as an internal control. cas3: caspase-3, ip: intraperitoneal, I/R: ischemia/reperfusion, NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, Rem: Remdesivir, sc: subcutaneous.
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    SSD induces ferroptosis via downregulation of GPX4 through ER stress. (A) Western blot analysis of GPX4 in PDO and A549 cells treated with 2 µM SSD and control groups, β-Actin was used as a loading control. (B) Statistical analysis of GPX4 expression levels from three independent experiments ( n = 3). (C) Molecular docking of SSD and <t>ATF3</t> protein. (D) DARTS-Western blot analysis showed the resistance of ATF to pronase E digestion under the treatment of SSD (10 µM), n = 3. (E) RT-qPCR analysis of mRNA expression levels of PDO-related genes ATF3 , CHOP , and CHAC1 treatment with SSD ( n = 3). (F , G) Western blot analysis of protein expression (ATF3, CHOP, CHAC1) in A549 cells and PDOs after treatment with 2 µM SSD( n = 3). (H) Mechanism of SSD acting on lung adenocarcinoma. (Data are presented as mean ± SD, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). ER, endoplasmic reticulum; PDO, patient-derived organoids; SSD, saikosaponin D. SD, standard deviation.
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    Image Search Results


    (A-B) Volcano plots of whole-transcriptome differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by RNAseq in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to control ( n =3). Dashed vertical lines reflect log 2 FC of −1 and 1. Dashed horizontal line reflects false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05. Downregulated genes with log 2 FC≤-1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in blue. Upregulated genes log 2 FC≥1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in red. Raw RNAseq hit counts for ZNF423 in NF90.8 cells transfected with control siRNA ( n =3) or siZNF423 ( n =3). P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t-tests between groups. (C) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly downregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Downregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥-1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (D) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared downregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (E) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly upregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Upregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (F) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared upregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (G-H) Volcano plots of differentially expressed transcription factors and kinases in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 compared to control. (I-J) Immunoblots showing cleavage of PARP, ATF3, ATF4 and ZNF423 protein expression following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to controls ( n =3). GAPDH serves as loading control. Protein expression was normalized to total protein and quantified using ImageJ. Error bars reflect SEM. P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t test with Welch’s correction. ****=p-value ≤0.0001, ***=p-value≤0.001, **=p-value≤0.01, *=p-value≤0.05, ns=not significant.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: ZNF423 depletion induces the integrated stress response and represents a potential vulnerability in NF1-associated MPNST

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.03.709360

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A-B) Volcano plots of whole-transcriptome differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by RNAseq in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to control ( n =3). Dashed vertical lines reflect log 2 FC of −1 and 1. Dashed horizontal line reflects false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05. Downregulated genes with log 2 FC≤-1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in blue. Upregulated genes log 2 FC≥1 and -log 10 adjusted p-value above FDR threshold are denoted in red. Raw RNAseq hit counts for ZNF423 in NF90.8 cells transfected with control siRNA ( n =3) or siZNF423 ( n =3). P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t-tests between groups. (C) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly downregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Downregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥-1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (D) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared downregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (E) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly upregulated DEGs common among ST88-14 and NF90.8 cell lines. Upregulated DEGs were defined as log 2 FC≥1 and adjusted p-value of ≤0.05. (F) Dot plot of top enriched Hallmark gene signatures of shared upregulated genes (FDR≤0.05). (G-H) Volcano plots of differentially expressed transcription factors and kinases in ST88-14 and NF90.8 cells following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 compared to control. (I-J) Immunoblots showing cleavage of PARP, ATF3, ATF4 and ZNF423 protein expression following siRNA-mediated depletion of ZNF423 ( n =3) compared to controls ( n =3). GAPDH serves as loading control. Protein expression was normalized to total protein and quantified using ImageJ. Error bars reflect SEM. P-values represent unpaired, two-tailed t test with Welch’s correction. ****=p-value ≤0.0001, ***=p-value≤0.001, **=p-value≤0.01, *=p-value≤0.05, ns=not significant.

    Article Snippet: Immunoblots were performed using primary antibodies against ZNF423 (ABN410, Sigma-Aldrich), GAPDH (sc-365062, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), SUZ12 (3737S, Cell Signaling Technology), ATF3 (18665S, Cell Signaling Technology), ATF4 (11815S, Cell Signaling Technology), PARP (9542S, Cell Signaling Technology), and γH2A.x (9718S, Cell Signaling Technology).

    Techniques: RNA sequencing, Control, Transfection, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot, Expressing

    The results of western blotting (A) . The protein levels of ATF3 (B) , p-p53 (C) , p-p21 (D) , and cas3 (E) were represented in the studied groups. β-actin was used as an internal control. cas3: caspase-3, ip: intraperitoneal, I/R: ischemia/reperfusion, NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, Rem: Remdesivir, sc: subcutaneous.

    Journal: PLOS One

    Article Title: Remdesivir may exacerbate ischemic acute kidney injury through molecular alterations in PGC-1α and apoptosis pathways: An in vivo study

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0336221

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The results of western blotting (A) . The protein levels of ATF3 (B) , p-p53 (C) , p-p21 (D) , and cas3 (E) were represented in the studied groups. β-actin was used as an internal control. cas3: caspase-3, ip: intraperitoneal, I/R: ischemia/reperfusion, NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, Rem: Remdesivir, sc: subcutaneous.

    Article Snippet: Monoclonal antibodies were against PGC-1α (ab54481, Abcam), NF-κB p65 (ab16502, Abcam), Drp-1 (sc-271583), ATF3 (sc-518032), p-p53 (sc-377553), p-p21 (sc-377569), and caspase-3 (sc-7272) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc).

    Techniques: Western Blot, Control

    SSD induces ferroptosis via downregulation of GPX4 through ER stress. (A) Western blot analysis of GPX4 in PDO and A549 cells treated with 2 µM SSD and control groups, β-Actin was used as a loading control. (B) Statistical analysis of GPX4 expression levels from three independent experiments ( n = 3). (C) Molecular docking of SSD and ATF3 protein. (D) DARTS-Western blot analysis showed the resistance of ATF to pronase E digestion under the treatment of SSD (10 µM), n = 3. (E) RT-qPCR analysis of mRNA expression levels of PDO-related genes ATF3 , CHOP , and CHAC1 treatment with SSD ( n = 3). (F , G) Western blot analysis of protein expression (ATF3, CHOP, CHAC1) in A549 cells and PDOs after treatment with 2 µM SSD( n = 3). (H) Mechanism of SSD acting on lung adenocarcinoma. (Data are presented as mean ± SD, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). ER, endoplasmic reticulum; PDO, patient-derived organoids; SSD, saikosaponin D. SD, standard deviation.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Mechanism of Saikosaponin D in regulating ferroptosis in patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma organoids via upregulation of ATF3/CHOP/CHAC1 signaling

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-27251-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: SSD induces ferroptosis via downregulation of GPX4 through ER stress. (A) Western blot analysis of GPX4 in PDO and A549 cells treated with 2 µM SSD and control groups, β-Actin was used as a loading control. (B) Statistical analysis of GPX4 expression levels from three independent experiments ( n = 3). (C) Molecular docking of SSD and ATF3 protein. (D) DARTS-Western blot analysis showed the resistance of ATF to pronase E digestion under the treatment of SSD (10 µM), n = 3. (E) RT-qPCR analysis of mRNA expression levels of PDO-related genes ATF3 , CHOP , and CHAC1 treatment with SSD ( n = 3). (F , G) Western blot analysis of protein expression (ATF3, CHOP, CHAC1) in A549 cells and PDOs after treatment with 2 µM SSD( n = 3). (H) Mechanism of SSD acting on lung adenocarcinoma. (Data are presented as mean ± SD, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). ER, endoplasmic reticulum; PDO, patient-derived organoids; SSD, saikosaponin D. SD, standard deviation.

    Article Snippet: Then blocked with 5% BSA for 1 h. Reaction with specific antibodies against the following proteins: β-Actin (A00730, Genscript, China), ATF3 (DF3110, Affinity, USA), GPX4 (ET1706-45, HUABIO, China), CHOP (15204-AF6277, Affinity, USA), and CHAC1 (15207-1-AP, Proteintech, China).

    Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Derivative Assay, Standard Deviation